An experiment to show Essay Example for Free

A test to show Essay To see whether there is a connection between the surface region and the dispersion rate Hypothesis I foresee that the littler squares of agar will turn clear, or diffuse first, as it has a littler surface territory. This is on the grounds that there is less surface zone and volume for the sulphuric corrosive to diffuse into. Mechanical assembly  Three sizes of agar, 20x20x20mm, 20x20x10mm, 20x20x5mm 40ml of sulphuric corrosive [80ml per beaker] 3 100ml containers  Tile utilized for setting the agar  Tissue to clear off the sulphuric corrosive off the agar  3 surgical blades  Ruler, quantifiable in mm. Stop clock Method 1. To start with, cut three bits of sulphuric corrosive in the accompanying sizes 20x20x20mm, 20x20x10mm, 20x20x5mm, as precisely as conceivable 2. Next, fill the three measuring utencils with 80ml of sulphuric corrosive every 3. At that point, set up the stop clock, and ensure it is has been reset 4. After, place the three squares of agar into the sulphuric all simultaneously, just as beginning the stop clock once the agar is in the sulphuric corrosive. 5. Cautiously mix the three measuring utencils utilizing the surgical blades. 6. Watch until one of the squares have gone totally clear. 7. When one of the squares have gone totally clear, stop the stop check and take out the three squares of agar and spot on the tissue, and wipe off the overabundance sulphuric corrosive from the squares of agar to forestall further dispersion with the two different squares which have not been completely diffused to completely diffuse 8. Cut the squares in inclining, through the center and utilizing a ruler, measure its amount has turned clear on each side. 9. Record the information for time taken, and the profundity of the unmistakable part on the table. Results Block number 1 2. 3 Block measurements/mm 20x20x20 20x20x10 20x20x5 Predicted request of clearing 3 2 1 Actual request of clearing 3 2 1 Time taken for clearing 8mn56. 29s Depth of clear part on square/mm 3 4 5 Surface zone/mmi 2400 1600 1200 Volume/mmi 8000 4000 2000 Surface are to volume proportion O:O. 3 O:O. 4 O:O. 6 Conclusion My expectation with regards to which square will go clear previously was right, being the littler square, as its surface region to volume proportion was the best out of each of the three, despite the fact that there was very little contrast between the three qualities. This is on the grounds that the third square has a more noteworthy surface zone for the sulphuric corrosive to diffuse into the agar, causing the dissemination rate to be more noteworthy. The squares have gotten clear through dispersion brought about by balance between the sulphuric corrosive and the agar, which is an antacid. Assessment Quite a couple of things didn't go as arranged in this assessment, however I have thought of thoughts on the most proficient method to improve them on the off chance that we do an investigation like this once more. Initially, the jam size may not be precise from cutting it, and when it has been mixed, bits of it might have chipped off causing an adjustment in its surface territory. Next time, to maintain a strategic distance from this, we could quantify the square of agar all the more precisely when cutting it, and furthermore be progressively cautious when blending the agar and mix gentler so no bits may get chipped off. That, however the time we place the three squares of agar into the sulphuric corrosive might be unique, just as the time we began the stop clock. Next time, we may potentially locate an alternate technique for placing in and taking out the agar with the goal that it stays a reasonable test, thus that there are less slip-ups in the test, which might be decreased by having one individual for every square of agar and measuring utencil, just as someone else for the stop check and setting it in and taking it out all simultaneously just as beginning and halting the stop clock. Another difficulty may have originated from the measure of sulphuric corrosive in every recepticle, which might not have been equivalent. This issue might be diminished by estimating the sulphuric all the more cautiously, perhaps with an estimating chamber before then putting it into the recepticle, rather than estimating it into the measuring glass straight away. Our estimations of the profundity of the away from of the squares of agar jam may have been inaccurate too, and to forestall this, we might utilize a magnifying instrument next time and utilize a graticule to gauge the profundity that the jam has diffused to acquire an increasingly exact outcome. The last issue I saw while doing the examination was the point at which we were smearing the sulphuric corrosive off the agar. I found that there may have been some sulphuric corrosive left on the agar after we have smeared it, which may have brought about additional dissemination and altering our outcome. This is caused from not smudging off enough sulphuric corrosive off the agar. Next time, we could cautiously blotch all the sulphuric corrosive, and utilize one bit of tissue for each square of agar so that there is no sulphuric corrosive on the tissue before smearing each square of agar.

Bridgford Foods Essay

Bridgford Foods is known as a little, traded on an open market organization of the food business. Customers of Bridgford Foods have a generally high inborn hazard. The activity of the said business is dependent upon different dangers, for example, unfavorable changes in the general monetary conditions, the advancement of buyer inclinations, nourishing and wellbeing related concerns, the investigations done, including the preparing controls engaged with the government, state, and nearby items. The obligation cases of customer items and the dangers related with item altering were additionally taken into cautious thought. Besides, a few reviews made were related with the ongoing episodes of sicknesses among the meat and poultry items. Such significantly influenced the working outcomes and the monetary situation of the organization. What's more, industry qualities were identified with the elements that influenced the evaluation of materials of Bridgford Foods Corporation. Since the business was serious, value cutting would have its related impacts on the income. Shockingly, Bridgford Foods was not part of the main ventures in the nation. As far as execution, the results of the said organization were not as serious as those of the pioneers in the business. Also, the organization isn't as productive and as monetarily steady as those of the significant organizations in the business. For the year 2007, Bridgford Food had a diminishing in its all out deals, when contrasted with different years. In a report gave, the organization expressed that, â€Å"sales for the main quarter finished in January 25, 2008, and was an expected $1,319,000. Preceding the initial twelve weeks of the financial year, there was a diminishing in the aggregate, which was 3.1%. The business factors bring about an expanded appraisal of the hazard material misquote of BridgFord Foods Corporation. This prompted a lower assurance of identification hazard and increasingly meaningful tests. Estimations and suspicions were especially significant in the appraisal of dangers for material error of Johnson, Inc. The administration made certain estimations and suspicions that influenced the announced measures of advantages and liabilities and exposure of unexpected resources and liabilities at the date of the fiscal reports. What's more, announced incomes and costs during the individual revealing time frames were additionally given a lot of contemplations. The sums evaluated identified with liabilities for workers’ remuneration, representative human services and annuity benefits are particularly oppressed. The intrinsic hazard identifying with the precision of a record balance that includes a high level of the executives judgment, or that is hard to process, is assessed as high. In addition, the credit danger of the organization was enhanced over a wide range customers and geographic locales. Misfortunes brought about because of credit dangers have as of late been unimportant, with the customer keeping up the money adjusts at monetary foundations. On occasion, these customers surpass the sums safeguarded by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation of $100 million for every establishment. Be that as it may, the customers have noteworthy sums receivable sums with not many of the notable customers, albeit verifiably secure, could likewise be dependent upon material hazard when the activities of these customers start to break down. Notwithstanding such situation, the individuals from the Bridgford family can in any case practice critical authority over the organization. This is because of the way that the family possesses around 77% in loads of the organization, making them own multiple fourths of the entire organization. On this, three individuals from the Bridgford family were individuals from the Board of Directors. This gives the individuals from the Bridgford family the capacity to apply considerable impact and control over the administration and issues of the organization. This incorporate issues requiring the activity of investors. the alteration to by-laws, the political decision and evacuation of executives, merger recommendations, solidification or offer of all or significantly the entirety of the benefits and other corporate exchanges. The Bridgford relatives who own lion's share of the stocks rule in the dynamic of the organization. This factor prompted a higher hazard appraisal of material misquote fore there were no surveys with respect to significant choices and activities taken. In any case, these ought to be taken to the greatest advantage of the organization and its investors. The innate confinements incorporated the real factors of broken decisions and choice makings, including the breakdowns that can happen because of basic blunders and errors. Furthermore, controls can be bypassed by the individual demonstrations of certain individuals, by agreement of at least two individuals, or by the executives supersede of the control. All the above components expanded intrinsic hazard for a specific record balance declaration, making the assessment moderately high. In the review arranging stage, where the assessment of inalienable hazard for a record balance statement is high, inspectors view this as a critical hazard requiring exceptional review consideration. The control danger of Bridgford nourishments is low. The customer keeps up and assesses an arrangement of inner bookkeeping controls, and a program of interior evaluating intended to give sensible affirmation. In this manner, the company’s resources are secured and exchanges were acted as per the best possible approval, and were recorded appropriately. This arrangement of inward bookkeeping control is constantly investigated and changed because of advancing business conditions and tasks and to suggestions made by the free enlisted open bookkeeping firm and interior evaluator. The customer additionally has a built up a set of principles. Besides, the review board of trustees is made out of free executives who are not officials or workers of the customer, and don't have different connections that debilitate autonomy. The review boards of trustees additionally utilize two budgetary specialists. They are viable in supervising the nature of controls and the administration of misrepresentation. From those referenced, I accept that the bookkeeping and inward control frameworks give sensible confirmation that advantages are defended and money related data is solid, with the general control hazard low. By and large, the plan and usage of inward control are viewed as successful. The expansion in the danger of material misquote because of these variables will bring about a lower assurance of discovery chance and an expansion in the extent of the auditor’s work. Pre-review commitment chance is altogether and decidedly connected with the assessed degree of optional accumulations announced in evaluated fiscal reports. As more significant levels of optional accumulations have been demonstrated to be related with higher danger of post-review case, it gives the idea that as opposed to taking activities that bring about higher-hazard customers detailing less forceful optional collections, inspectors rather are tolerating a higher post-review chance for these customers.

Dissertation Help Online - Finding Help With Your Dissertation

Dissertation Help Online - Finding Help With Your DissertationAre you searching for dissertation help online? There are many places that offer online assistance for your dissertation. Some of the best places to search include the academic and university libraries, the Internet and those specialty dissertations websites.You will find that there are two types of resources in the academic research centers. The first is the community services division that offers free dissertation help online through online help tools like community forums and discussion boards. The second is the online dissertation assistance available through online support tools like professional consultants who can provide you with necessary dissertation help.If you do not have a need for dissertation help, then you should think about outsourcing your work to someone else. This way you will be saving on time and having someone else take care of your dissertation. One of the main reasons that people would outsource th eir dissertation is because they cannot afford to be burdened with it. It is not wise to be too attached to your project if you outsource it.It is also imperative that you do some research about the different dissertation help online resources. This is because you do not want to end up with poor service and possible mistakes as a result of being unfamiliar with the different types of dissertation help available. So make sure that you do your homework and ensure that you choose the right dissertation help online resources for your dissertation.First off, you will want to check out the academic communities and community forums. The Academic communities are those that are organized by students themselves. It is through these online communities that they can give advice and assist one another through difficult times.If you are looking for dissertation help online, look for the links in the academic community forums. There you will find more detailed information about how to study, where to find students willing to help, and other information that can be quite helpful to you.The best part about academic community forums is that many of them offer a free trial period that allows you to test drive their service for free and see how they handle dissertation help. It is always smart to try the services before you invest in any kind of long term relationship. By comparing different dissertation help online services, you will find that the experience that you get from different places will vary greatly.The biggest mistake that most students make when seeking dissertation help online is that they often overlook the fact that the dissertation writing process is quite expensive. It is not uncommon for the research papers to cost a few thousand dollars, although it can vary quite a bit from one program to the next. So before you commit to anything, make sure that you have enough funds to afford the process.

Cost Accounting Midterm - 2751 Words

ADM 3346A COST ACCOUNTING Solution Fall 2010 Midterm Examination STUDENT NAME: _________________________________________________ STUDENT NUMBER: ________________________________________________ 90 minutes INSTRUCTIONS 1. 2. 3. 4. Books and notes are not permitted, except language dictionaries. Non programmable calculators are permitted. Put all answers in the question booklet Questions concerning possible errors in the exam only will be answered. Questions Max Points Question 1 /10 Question 2 /6 Question 3 /4 Question 4 /6 Question 5 /6 Question 6 /8 Question 7 /10 Question 8 /6 Question 9 /4 Question 10 /6 Total /66 Statement of Academic†¦show more content†¦Midterm ADM 3346A Fall 2010 Page 2 of 10 Q.2. (6) . Sell Block prepares three types of simple tax returns: individual, partnerships, and (small) corporations. The tax returns have the following characteristics: Price charged per tax return Variable cost per tax return (including wage paid to tax preparer) Expected tax returns prepared per year Individuals $200 Partnerships $1,000 Corporations $2,000 $120 60,000 $700 4,000 $1,500 16,000 The total fixed costs per year for the company are $4,025,000. Required a. b. c. What is the break even point in total tax returns given the expected mix above? Suppose the product sales mix changes soShow MoreRelatedMidterm Exam Accounting 206 2775 Words   |  4 PagesMANAGEMENT AND ACCOUNTANCY Accounting 206: Cost Accounting and Cost Management, Part II Midterm Examination Kelvin J. Culajara, BSA, CPA Name: _____________________________________ Date: _______________ Score: __________ Test 1: Comprehensive Problem/Reporting Assume that you are the newly-hired chief cost accountant of Wapayutana Company. As the chief officer, you are tasked to monitor the flow of costs throughout the process, and hence, you are accountable for the cost of production reportRead MoreMGMT 20100 Practice Midterm Exam I1827 Words   |  8 PagesLAST NAME: _________________________ FIRST NAME___________________________ PUID________________________________Section________ Purdue University Krannert School of Management MGMT 201 – Managerial Accounting I Spring 2015 Practice Midterm Exam This practice exam consists of 30 multiple choice questions on 11 pages (including this cover page). Answer all questions. No partial credit is available for multiple choice questions. Be sure to put your answers to the multiple choice questions on your ScantronRead MoreAccounting7049 Words   |  29 PagesAcct 340-Midterm Review Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. ____ 1. Which of the following is NOT a process associated with an accounting information system? |a. |auditing existing data | |b. |collecting and recording data | |c. |providing informationRead MoreACCT 301 Midterm Exam Essay786 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿ACCT 301 Midterm Exam CLICK HERE ACCT 301 Midterm Exam 1 1. (TCO 1)  Suppose your company sold $25,000 in merchandise to a customer for cash. How does this transaction impact the accounting equation? (Points : 12) 2. (TCO 2)  Suppose your company sold $50,000 in merchandise to a customer for cash. How does this transaction impact the accounting equation?  (Points : 12) 3. (TCO 3)  Rationalization is one of the components of the fraud triangle. What types of rationalization could a personRead MoreCBU Syllabus 2015 MBAC 51031353 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿ Introduction to Accounting: MBAC 5103 Instructor Information Professor: Derrick Hayes Winter 2015 Office: SB217 Tues Thurs: 1:00 – 2:15 pm Email: derrick_hayes@cbu.ca Phone: 563-1312 Course Website (URL): Textbooks and Readings Required Text: Hayes, Derrick, Introduction to Accounting, Primus, McGraw Hill Prerequisites: NONE CourseRead MoreProduct Life Cycle of Parle G767 Words   |  4 Pagessurplus through Integration | 10. | Testing of Hypothesis-t-test, z-test, chi-square test | 11. | ANOVA- One Way amp; Two Way | 12. | Use of SPSS Package amp; Excel Sheet for statistics. | The 12 session will complete the conduct of classes, midterm test, case study presentation and submission of projects, all internal evaluation etc. ITM-EXECUTIVE EDUCATION CENTRE Course Title: Macro Economics Credits: 1 Contact Hours: 24 hours Course Objectives: The course is designed to familiarizeRead MoreAcc 557 Midterm Exam Part 2, Essay1242 Words   |  5 PagesKasdan Company has cash sales of $6,000 from merchandise having a cost of $3,600. The entries to record the days cash sales will include: †¢ a $3,600 credit to Cost of Goods Sold. †¢ a $6,000 credit to Cash. †¢ a $3,600 credit to Inventory. †¢ d a $6,000 debit to Accounts Receivable. Question 3 Glenn Company purchased merchandise inventory with an invoice price of $9,000 and credit terms of 2/10, n/30. What is the net cost of the goods if Glenn Company pays within the discount period? †¢Read MoreExam 1 Quest and Answers1704 Words   |  7 PagesAcccounting 248:51 Spring 2014 Midterm Exam April 7, 2014 Instructor: Dan Cunningham Email: dan@dancunningham.org Phone/Text: 518.431.9796 Instructions: Please record your answers on the answer page provided. Your answers must be submitted on or before 11:59PM on April 12. Please upload your answer sheet to the appropriate file on ANGEL. 1. The City of Newport issued $1,500,000 of general obligation refunding bonds at a 2% premium. Bond issuance costs of $15,000 were incurred. The proceedsRead MoreIntermediate Managerial Accounting848 Words   |  4 PagesBUS 322.D1 – FALL 2012 INTERMEDIATE MANAGERIAL ACCOUNTING Tuesday, 11:30-14:20 (BLU 10021) Instructor Office Phone Email : : : : Tota Panggabean, BSc., MSF., MSEc. WMC 3353 (778)782.3563 tpanggab@sfu.ca Office hours : M 10.00-12.00 W 10.00-14.30 Or by appointment Toan Le WMC 3381 M: 14.00-15.30 Marker : Prerequisites Textbooks (Required) : : BUS 254; 60 credit hours. Cost Management and Control (2008): Custom Publication for Simon Fraser University, McGraw-Hill Ryerson Ltd. ISBN:Read MoreHsm-340 Health Services Finance Midterm Exam Answers6611 Words   |  27 PagesHSM-340 Health Services Finance Midterm Exam Answers Follow Link Below To Get Tutorial https://homeworklance.com/downloads/hsm-340-health-services-finance-midterm-exam-answers/ HSM-340 Health Services Finance Midterm Exam Answers Question 1.1. (TCO 4) Which of the following is part of a statistics budget? (Points : 5) Output expectations Responsibility for estimation Estimation methodology All of the above Question 2.2. (TCO 4) Which budgetary issue causes the most strife in all

The Cask Of Amontillado And Porphyrias Lover - 1792 Words

Betrayal, a small word, with a big price. A price that one person always has to pay, while the other person stands there as if he was a salesman, hounding that individual until he got what he wanted. The idea of betrayal and it’s consequences are shown in the short story, â€Å"The Cask of Amontillado,† by Edgar Allan Poe, and the poem, â€Å"Porphyria’s Lover,† by Robert Browning. In, The Cask of Amontillado, Fortunato was the buyer, and Montresor was the salesman. Montresor reeled in Fortunato, using Amontillado, a certain type of wine, as the bait. Montresor brought Fortunato deep inside the lifeless walls of the catacombs, where he was supposed to find the Amontillado. Little did he know that he was staring death right in the face. With†¦show more content†¦The short story, The Cask of Amontillado, the author presents two characters that have an unannounced feud, Montresor, and Fortunato. Montresor has such hate and discrepancy towards Fortu nato, that, â€Å"at length, (he) would be avenged,† (Poe 372). Montresor, claiming to be Fortunato’s friend, had planned out the perfect trap for Fortunato’s awaited death. Fortunato was lead deep inside the dark catacombs, where Montresor chained up his scared and shaky figure. Montresor started to build the wall back up to hide Fortunato, when he started talking to him. Fortunato was laughing, almost as if he was trying to convince himself that it was only a joke, that he was just being messed with. After Montresor and Fortunato exchanged a few more words, Montresor called his name one last time, and â€Å"there came forth in return only a jingling of bells,† (Poe 379). The bells in this represent almost a childish demeanor, to show that Fortunato was clueless and vulnerable, as if he was a child. Montresor saw this as an opportunity took advantage of it, betraying him andShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Edgar Allan Poe And The Cask Of Amontillado1358 Wor ds   |  6 Pagesthink is good, is actually the type of person in which you had thought them out to be? And how can you tell this, before someone gets hurt? In The Cask of Amontillado by Edgar Allan Poe, Fortunato starts to view the speaker as a friend, and then he was tricked and killed, just so that the speaker could get his revenge on him. Likewise, in Porphyria’s Lover by Robert Browning, the girl was killed by the guy that she loved, because he wanted her to stay loving him forever, and he wanted the moment to

The Divine Comedy by Dante Alighieri Essays - 983 Words

The Divine Comedy by Dante Alighieri Dante Alighieris The Divine Comedy, Purgatory Dantes The Divine Comedy section of Purgatory is a depiction of Dante and his struggle to reach paradise. He is a character as well as a narrator. The purgatory section deals with the seven deadly sins and Dantes task of cleansing himself on his journey to heaven. He confronts many different people on his journey to self-righteousness, which help and guide him to his destiny. Accompanied by Virgil or reason as he is depicted, his quest is a hard journey with many answers to be found. Dante was born in May 1265 and lived his early life at a time of change and of great economic and cultural expansion in Florence (Kirkpatrick 2). The poet was critically†¦show more content†¦He wandered for the next twenty years depending on patrons to help him survive. It is hard to find any documentation on Dantes journey outside of Florence. It is know that his last days were spent in Ravenna, under the watchfu l eye of Guido da Polenta. The city recognized him as a great poet and it was here the last of The Divine Comedy was written. Dante died shortly after finishing his final and best work in 1322. His ashes are still buried next to the church of San Francesco. Dantes Purgatory section of The Divine Comedy covers Dantes journey through Purgatory and the challenges he faces. Purgatory was an island with a huge mountain towering from it. At the top was Paradise or heaven. It was sealed off by a gate with angles guarding the entrance. The bottom was antepurgatory where the souls that were not ready for the journey resided. The mountain itself was composed of seven concentric ledges separated by steep cliffs. On each ledge, one of the seven capital sins waited on a soul. They were composed of Pride, Envy, Wrath Sloth, Avarice, Gluttony, and Lust. When the soul had released his sin, he was able to proceed to the next level. When he ascends to the next level, an angle would greet him and perf orm a cleansing ritual. In addition, on each ledge of Purgatory, there were models of the sin as well as the virtues which opposed the sin. These were a kind of test for the soul. Dante was guided by Virgil orShow MoreRelatedThe Divine Comedy By Dante Alighieri873 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"The Divine Comedy† is an epic poem written by Dante Alighieri. He wrote the epic sometime between 1308 and 1321, the year he died. It is considered one of the greatest works of world literature. He wrote â€Å"The Divine Comedy† while he was exiled from Florence, Italy (Bishops 182). â€Å"The Divine Comedy† recounts Dante’s idea of the afterlife. It is written in a first person perspective and follows Dante’s journey through Hell, Purgatory, and Heaven. At the time Dante wrote the Divine Comedy, Italy wasRead MoreThe Divine Comedy By Dante Alighieri1725 Words   |  7 PagesIn composing the Divine Comedy, Dante Alighieri has created and brought to his reader s three examples of literary brilliance. A masterfully written poem that still serves as a preface for contemporary heaven/hell/purgatory imagery, the divine comedy brings readers along for the ride on Dante’s path towards salvation. Depending on how gullible one may be, interpretation of the legitimacy of the Divine Comedy is varied; that is to say, although a few might believe Dante actually did somehow travelRead MoreThe Divine Comedy By Dante Alighieri Essay1691 Words   |  7 PagesDante Alighieri is known as one of the greatest Italian poets. One of Alighieri’s most famous works of art would be his poem called the Divine Comedy written in year 1320. The poem itself has a heavy Christian influence and it entails the journey of Dante, the protagonist as he travels through hell, purgatory and finally paradise. Additionally, the poem captures Dante’s journey as he gets closer to god. As Dante first enters Inferno, (also known as hell), he meets Virgil, who is not only his mentorRead MoreThe Divine Comedy Dante By Dante Alighieri1101 Words   |  5 Pagestry our best or we give up and follow other paths. Dante Alighieri, born in Florence, Italy in 1265, was born into a very power hungry age. Mor ality was not very high on someone’s to-do list. In the Divine Comedy Dante makes a point of writing about those that have done him wrong and placing them where the â€Å"belong†. But Dante does not only expose the bad people in his life but the bad people all over the world and he also includes himself. Dante writes his book to scare others into changing to beRead MoreThe Divine Comedy By Dante Alighieri1277 Words   |  6 PagesDante Alighieri wrote the Divine Comedy from 1308-1320. The story narrates Dante’s pilgrimage through hell, purgatory, and heaven while guided by Virgil and Beatrice. Throughout this journey Dante conforms himself to virtue, properly orders his passions, and conforms his conscience, â€Å"Dante s psychopoiesis operates through the mimetic deformation, reformation, and transformation of conscience† (Macready, 2). This essay will examine what a true conscience is according to the Catechism of the CatholicRead MoreThe Divine Comedy By Dante Alighieri Essay2228 Words   |  9 PagesThere is no doubt that Dante Alighieri (1265-1321) has made a momentous contribution to Medieval literature in general and Italian in particular. He is best known for his magnum opus, The Divine Comedy. It is a brilliant masterpiece of literature which students read as a part of their curriculum in literature courses, in order to probe the mind of a genius commenting on both temporal events and the spiritual, scientific, and philosophical themes and concerns of his predecessors and peers, therebyRead MoreThe Allegorical Messages of The Divine Comedy by Dante Alighieri 598 Words   |  2 PagesThe beginning lines of The Divine Comedy by Dante Alighieri indicate a pragmatic journey through the dark woods. It is soon evident that The Divine Comedy is in terms of an allegory. Midway through his life, Dante finds himself lost and in darkness. He is confused and unaware of how he has ended up in these dark woods. Dante soon comes across Italian poet Virgil, who will guide him through the Nine Circles of Hell. Dante Alighieri’s The Divine Comedy: Inferno portrays Dante’s life and adventure throughRead MoreDante Alighieri and his Divine Comedy Essay596 Words   |  3 PagesDante Alighieri (1265-1321) was an Italian poet in the Middle Ages. The Divine Comedy, of which Inferno is a part, is considered the greatest literary work in the Italian language and a masterpiece. Inferno is the story of Dante the pilgrim’s journey from the dark wood of error through Hell, led by Virgil. This is Dante the pilgrims opportunity to recognize his sins; he is given the opportunity to see how the error of his ways will be punished if he does not change. In Dante’s Hell, the punishmentRead MoreThe Vaule of Personal Development in The Divine Comedy, by Dante Alighieri1209 Words   |  5 PagesIn Italian Dante Alighieri (1265) Poem, The Divine Comedy Inferno, Translated by Mark Musa. Dante demonstrates the v alue of personal development which is the ability to keep a balanced life and continuously learn from past mistakes in order to create a better future. Dante begins the poem wrapped in his own thoughts and suffering but by the end of the poem he begins to understand other’s sufferings beyond his own. In his growth throughout his journey he learns about pain and sorrow that he cannotRead MoreHow Literature Changed a Nation: Dante Alighieri and The Divine Comedy1146 Words   |  5 PagesMaking change in a time of dark beliefs and harsh criticism is a difficult task to achieve. The poet, Dante Alighieri’s world was one filled with spirituality and stigmas. Unlike many other artists of his time, he completed his most famous and influential work in Europe’s 1300’s. Dante’s piece, The Divine Comedy, demonstrates the journey one takes throughout life, to find one’s self and connect with the world and religion, all through three volumes of poetry. Of his talent, came a business of the

Site Preparation Hardware Installation †Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Explain Site Preparation Hardware Installation? Answer: Introducation MEX maintenance system can be defined as computerized system which capture activities like- maintenance of workloads, inventory management, and present statutory reports, manage payroll system etc. Following stages will be required for the implementation of new system i.e. MEX Maintenance system, in the Mighty Mechanics: Site Preparation/Hardware Installation Mighty Mechanics has to take a big step to transform the business activities from manual to an automatic system. It is important for the management to review the present business infrastructure of the company to assess that the new system will cope with the business infrastructure or not. The new system demands for installation of hardware pieces therefore the requirements of electrical outlets/ connection facilities and reasonable office space will be established(Allen, 2015).Mighty Mechanics requisites to purchase new computer system as well as related accessories in order to install the new system. Therefore, site preparation is the first step of implementation strategy. Installation of Software MEX Maintenance system is recommended to be installed as a new system in Mighty Mechanics. In addition to this, relevant anti-virus is also required to be installed in the computer systems so that data can be protected from threat. MEX Maintenance system will perform best with Intel processors supplemented with MS window XP. High speed internet will also be required to carry out the business activities effectively as well as use of cloud computing will facilitate superior connectivity across the whole system. Personal Training In order to implement the system successfully, personal training of the employees or project team is crucial. As training of employees ensures quicker implementation of the system. In addition to this, it will also facilitate in managing the issue of user`s resistance. Training methods could be used to train the staff are- role play, video simulations, study material about MEX system will also be provided in the weekly classrooms(Verweire, 2014). In the training process, staff will come across with the benefit of new system and they will be motivated to accept the change as the new system will at last benefit the staff tocarry out their jobs in easy way as they will be able to manage inventory, price books, data will be collected in proper manner and payroll system would also be managed properly. Team members of the project will also train employees and after getting training they will get start working on the new system as well as the old system will be completely stopped in being u se(Hayes, 2017). Complete Documentation The implementation team and project team by working on various configurations for the new system, documenting the usual procedures and roles of team members and other employees will also be defined in this phase. The procedures which would be carried out to implement the system or to make the system live will be documented in order to check whether the activities are carried out as the way there planned. Testing System In this phase, analysis of alignment of system`s functionality with the requirements established for the project would be done. The development and testing phase will frequently overlay as the project and implementation teams will consider fine alteration of the configuration. By the end of the testing stage, team members would be comfortable to carry out their job activities in the new system i.e. MEX Maintenance system. Security testing will also be done to check whether the new system can be hacked so that threat or issues could be managed( Creasey Hiatt, 2012). New System Conversion A parallel transition is required for system conversion. The data which is stored manually will be transited to the new system which will facilitate Mighty Mechanics to assess the potential errors as well as performance of MEX system can also be confirmed. New system would be used by the staff once it is confirmed that the new system is effectively working. The data should be backed up while transferring of data is going on so that the data could be protected. It is estimated that up to three months can be taken to transfer the data and to complete the implementation process. Encounter risk/issues and ways to overcome from these risk/issues Following risk/issues can be encountered while implementation and the way to manage these are stated below: S. No. Issue /Risk Control or way to overcome from the issue or to manage risk 1 Lack of alignment of business processes and MEX Maintenance System Reengineer business processes Monitoring the performance of system. Testing of system will be conducted prior to the implementing the system A detailed requirements specification will be developed( Iverson, 2013). 2 Loss of control because of decentralized process of decision making. Steering committee will be formulated Project sponsor would be appointed. An internal audit will also be done. 3 Complexity in project A detailed plan for the implementation will be developed. Internal audit Consultants involvement Team members who possess adequate kills will be appointed. 4 User`s resistance User`s involvement training Support of top management Managerial soft skills Establishing sound communication(Hall, 2015). 5 Security issue Technical expert will be appointed Authorization will be given to the senior executives to assess the secured information(Allen, 2015). Reason for adopting the strategy The adopted strategy compiles all the necessary step which facilitate the installation of new system in the Mighty Mechanics. The steps involved in the implementation strategy will aid the project team to implement the MEX system effectively. Issues can be encountered and the ways to overcome from the issues or to manage the risk are also included in the strategy. The phase of each implementation will provide experience to the team and other employees and this will turn out to be more efficient in subsequent phase(Steinbart Romney , 2014). Various benefits will be availed by adopting this strategy, such as- helpful for the new and unexperienced team, requirement for meticulous planning is not essential, less difficult to manage, employees would get enough time to get familiarize with the new system, subsequent stages of implementation can be carried out easily as enough time is provided by this strategy to consolidate all the learning. Post Implementation Review Implementation strategy would not end after the implementation of MEX Maintenance System in Mighty Mechanics. After the implementation of strategy the whole system will be assessed or review(HEAGNEY, 2012). Post implementation review will be done after the completion of project in a certain period of time. Following aspects will be reviewed after the implementation- Point of achievement from the project will be ascertained. As the objectives have been met or not such as payroll is properly managed, inventory is properly managed as well as the issues in the accounting system are resolved. Employees are comfortable with the implementation of the new system or not will also be ascertained. Any requirement of change in the system will also be ascertained so that issue shall not arise in future. References Creasey, T., Hiatt, J. (2012). Change Management: The People Side of Change. Prosci Research. Iverson, D. (2013). Strategic Risk Management: A Practical Guide to Portfolio Risk Management. Wiley. Nix, C. (2017). Data Analytics. CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform. Allen, M. (2015). Strategic Communication for Sustainable Organizations. Springer. Brown, M. (2012, 12 11). Data mining techniques. Hall, J. A. (2015). Accounting Information Systems. South-Western College Pub. Hayes, A. (2017). Data Analytics: A Quick-start Beginner's Guide. CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform. HEAGNEY, J. (2012). Fundamentals of Project Management. AMACOM. Steinbart, P. J., Romney , M. B. (2014). Accounting Information Systems. Pearson. Verweire, K. (2014). Strategy Implementation. Routledge.

Affirmative Action Essays (2838 words) - Discrimination,

Affirmative Action Considering the subject of affirmative action the following questions frequently are raised: Is there a clear understanding of affirmative action roles/goals? What are the pros/cons of these programs? What are the "loop holes" in the system? Does seniority play a role in affirmative action? Addressing these key questions may help us all in our daily routine, as administrators and/or potential administrator in the public/private sector. Affirmative action programs throughout the United States have long been a controversial issue particularly concerning employment practices (public/private) and university student and/or staff recruitment. Most public agencies have some type of instituted affirmative action program. According to Cheryl Perry-League, Director of Equal Opportunity of the Port of Oakland, every business operating on Port of Oakland owned land must have a standing affirmative action program on record and businesses bidding to do work for the Port of Oakland must have an acceptably diverse workforce. BACKGROUND To understand the role and/or goals of affirmative actions programs we should define what the broad definition of what affirmative action is and what caused its development. The phase "affirmative action" was used in a racial discrimination context. Executive Order No. 10,925 issued by President John F. Kennedy in 1961. The order indicated that federal contractors should take affirmative action to ensure job applicants and employees are treated "without regard to their race, creed, or national origin." A person could define this statement as an order to imply equal access and nothing else. Subsequently, Executive Order 11246 issued by President Johnson in September 1965, "mandated affirmative action goals for all federally funded programs and moved monitoring and enforcement of affirmative action programs out of the White House and into the Labor Department." Affirmative action "refers to various efforts to deliberately take race, sex, and national origins into account to remedy past and current effects of discrimination. Its primary goal is to ensure that women and minorities are widely represented in all occupations and at all organizational levels" (Tompkins, 1995, p.161). Another definition of affirmative action according to Barbara Bergmann is "planning and acting to end the absence of certain kinds of people-those who belong to groups that have been subordinated or left out-from certain jobs and schools" (1997 p.7). Tracing the history of affirmative action, laws against racial discrimination have proved inadequate for workplace integration because they often provide remedies only after the fact. Affirmative action requires proactive steps to provide equal opportunities in employment as well as access to education. Many affirmative action programs were born from Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964. Title VII references to affirmative action programs were brought about "because of the history of discrimination in the United States, certain groups are viewed as disadvantage in the current marketplace. Thus affirmative action laws impose temporary requirements to correct underutilization of these groups (e.g., goals and timetables for increasing the number of minorities and women in a facility)" (Gutman, 1993, p.9). Prior to these laws and the Title VII law, the U.S workforce was primarily dominated by white males. Although, still somewhat white male dominated, quotas that were designed through affirmative action programs have helped achieve some representation of women and minorities in the current work force. Some remedies brought about through affirmative action programs include goal setting, quotas, and timetables. GOALS AND QUOTAS The term goal "refers to specific outcomes which, when achieved, will result in equal employment opportunity and equitable representation" (Hall & Albrecht, 1979, p.47-78). Goals and hiring quotas vary somewhat in their function. Goals generally are long range plans that organizations use and there are no expected minimum or maximum limitations. Quotas by comparison, "establishes a definite number of people who must be hired. A Company cannot by law, use quotas unless it has been ordered to do so by a court to remedy a past action" (Hall & Albrecht, 1979, p.47-78). Deficiency correction is the primary target of goal setting through affirmative action. For an organization to be effective with goals, they must be realistic, attainable, and monitored by the human resource department. Affirmative action programs generally achieve their set goals through several common practices called outreach programs. First, there are special recruiting programs where women and minorities will most likely be found. These special outreach programs often target black universities and female dominated educational facilities. A second outreach program involves special advertising. Generally, this is also implemented in areas that are heavily populated by women and minorities similar to that of recruiting programs. Through outreach programs like the ones mentioned above, goals can be attained to achieve equity and representation without forgoing higher educated and skilled

The Tempest Essays

The Tempest Essays The Tempest Essay The Tempest Essay Essay Topic: The Tempest Magic was a notion firmly embedded in the Elizabethan culture. It explained many things. Discuss the importance of magic in the play The Tempest. The Isle is full of noises, sounds, and sweet ones, that give delight and hurt not. Sometimes a thousand twangling instruments will hum about mine ears: and sometimes voices states Caliban (Act III, pg 109) Within Shakespeares text, The Tempest, set in Elizabethan times, magic is indeed of great importance. Shakespeare gives Prospero the ability to perform magic which allows him to carry out alterations to the world around him. His magic will eventually lead to the restoration of order following the disruption caused, or symbolized, by the tempest; the most obvious and important magical achievement in the play. From the start of the play, Shakespeare uses magic to captivate his Elizabethan audience and move his characters from one scene to another, for example, we are introduced to our first characters during the tempest itself, and it is through this created event that they are transferred to the safety of the island. Magic is frequently used by the main character Prospero, sometimes for compassionate reasons to prevent the suffering of his daughter, but often to make others remorseful and change their ways. Initially, one must examine the importance of magic, which was firmly embedded in the Elizabethan culture. Written in 1611, magic within The Tempest would have presented itself to the Elizabethan culture as a most controversial topic. It had been the persecutions of those believed to perform black magic, Witches were still persecuted and witch-hunts did not actually stop until the end of the seventeenth century. 1 Therefore, Shakespeares use of magic was controversial, bound by the fact that Prospero was presented in mainly a good light, a move probably made to make a bold statement; that magic can be used for good not just the stereotypical evil. Magic may have influenced King James that good magic was indeed possible. This may have lead to a wider knowledge of magic within the Elizabethan culture and perhaps more widely accepted. Obviously, magic could also grab audiences of Shakespeares time perhaps being used as a controversial marketing tool. Magic still continues to seize audiences even today, who also delve further into the importance of magic within The Tempest, which certainly do es explain many aspects of the play. Magic plays an important part in The Tempest for Prospero to bring back Ariel, whom he releases from the imprisonment of foul witch Sycorax under his control. However, the authority that Prospero possesses over Ariel is liable to abuse as there would be a very human temptation for him to use Ariel as his puppet to take his revenge on the shipwrecked characters that are effectively at his mercy. This is due to a feeling of resentment, anger and revenge due to the injustice towards him of banishing him to the island. This allows the important theme of magic to be portrayed through Prospero as a ruler, displaying the advantages he takes in his treatment of Ariel. Initially, there are characteristics of Prosperos control over his anger when, as Ariel asks for his freedom. Prospero replies with a harsh if thou more murmurst, I will rend an oak, and peg thee in his knotty entrails, till thou has howld away twelve winters. Thus, magic is an important factor in developing the main character Prospero and his individuality, and also used to gain an understanding of the magical scenes of the play. Solemn and strange music mark the significant magical beginning of the banquet scene. Exhaustion has dulled the spirits and they are thirsty, hungry and in need of nourishment after hours of searching for Ferdinand. It is predictable that they cannot believe the feast set before them. Shakespeare conceivably used magic as a tool of importance to develop other characters of the play. The reactions of the various characters to this spectacle reveal their basic nature. For instance, Sebastians response to the food is purely materialistic2. On the other hand, Gonzalo, being the eternal optimist, looks for a rational and reasonable harmony within this spectacle3 these are people of the island their manners are more gentle, kind, than of our human generation you shall find. Moreover, he demonstrates his common sense by arguing against fear and superstition and recognises the necessity of food and drink. Alonso, being a king, also recognises the necessity of the situation. Again, magic wi thin the text is demonstrated as an important tool in the character construction of Alonso, Gonzalo, and Sebastian. The masque is another illusion that Prospero creates with his magic, portraying the vital theme of love and blessings from goddesses. Chastity, which is supported by the masque, is used as a function of control by Prospero. Prospero uses his magic to restrain Ferdinand and Miranda from physical passion, this would imply that one would be preserving the social order, showing devotion to ones spouse and a dedication to the marriage union4. Hence, Prospero warns the couple that if they are unable to control their passions, barren hate, sour-eyd disdain and discord shall bestrew the union of bed with weeds so loathly that shall hate it both and this is emphasized by Juno with, whose vows are, that no bed-right shall be paid till Hymens torch be lighted. Mirandas virginity is further emphasized as being an essential part of the disciplined control over passions, which is indeed necessary for the marriage. Ferdinand lives up to the task required of him, giving a polite reply, making clear that he desires quiet days, fair issue and long life. In return to that, Juno later blesses them saying Honour, riches, marriage-bless ing, long continuance, and increasing hourly joys be still upon you. Without the magical scene of the masque, Goddesses, blessings and the portrayal of Ferdinand and Mirandas union would be quite different. The magic allows one to understand how immense their undeniable love is. Once more, we must not forget that the masque is essentially a celebration of the Ferdinand-Miranda love plot. Prospero is certainly vulnerable at this time, revealing his true character more clearly to the audience, being considerate to Ferdinand and even affectionate to Ariel, calling him my delicate Ariel, my bird and my Ariel. The language used by Goddess Iris, inspires images of youth, vigour, a temperate nature, chastity, all appropriate to celebrate a contract of true love, a union of two noble households5. Through the wonderful workings of Prosperos magic, one can see how important it is to an Elizabethan audience to keep them visually entertained. The colourful costumes, dancing and singing of the Reapers and the Nymphs are traditional elements for the masque spectacle, which is essentially an elaborate form of entertainment, meant to excite the visual, auditory and tactile senses of the Elizabethan audience. The dance that takes place between the Nymphs and Reapers suggests harmony in elemental nature; the dance also serves as an image and symbol of the continuance of society, of marriage and stability.6 One can understand how important magic would have been to excite and entertain the audience, as well as accentuating the significance of the masque of which portrays love and power within the play. Through the important use of illusion elements like the banquet and the masque, the themes of regeneration and reconciliation are successfully portrayed and one can be sure that Ferdinand and Miranda are the hope for the future of the island. However, it must be taken into account that at the end of the play, Prospero gives up his magic and will bury it fathoms deep. His books also provide a chief power and source of his magic. These he buries deeper than did over plummet sound. Magic had set Prospero above the human hierarchy, making him a ruler. Although this power had given Prospero great power to lead the others on the island, it has been in the nature of a god that he has led7. Magic used by Prospero throughout The Tempest, indeed played in important part of explaining many themes such as the setting and context of the play; the atmosphere, the masque and the banquet and of course love and power. Shakespeare may have also used magic to make the play visually interesting and even controversial to an Elizabethan audience. Thus, without a doubt magic plays a vast role in The Tempest of explaining many ideas and issues. Gonzalo states: We are people of our own minds and no one elses, Indeed, Gonzalo is saying that no one can control what someone sees or does. This is true unless one is of course, using magic.

The Way We Were (1973) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Way We Were (1973) - Essay Example Love of literature and love of political affairs, apparently, are two distinct worlds with which Morosky and Gardner are especially drawn as lovers who struggle to resolve huge differences yet find themselves growing apart and wearied by human nature of holding on to individual professions and sense of individualism. â€Å"The Way We Were† emerges to embody a film that demonstrates how complex dimensions of history and philosophical culture of arguments may give birth to love which later finds itself walking out of the conflict with which it is built. At the onset, it is rather less difficult to assume possibility that forces of attraction could govern between Katie and Hubbell as college students of the 30s who initiate with the point of gaining interest over something peculiar or strange given that it is normal for their youth to understand complements as well as the tendencies of fascination and fondness attached with them. So, basically, this is the type of setting that prevails as a typical WASP encounters a Young Communist League member as if two distinct worlds settle to satisfy curiosities of each other in the hope of discovering further wonders that are established by the opposites. Hence, the way each one is becomes an object of consideration for the other to the extent that in the real time of love, individual temperaments are set aside. Certainly, this stage must take place in a film that is expected to justify its romantic theme, thus, with some degree of success Katie and Hubbell necessitates a formal bond. Beyond marriage, however, remains a question of intrinsic priority and stronger yearning to proceed with the essentials left behind without proper closure. In the story, Gardner could not help the desire to become a Hollywood screenwriter for which Morosky expresses fervent disagreement. Eventually, the opposites are too sharp to handle, no longer constituting the character that

Corporate Investment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Corporate Investment - Essay Example Some of the junk bonds are very profitable but they have the highest risk for investment losses. Individuals and corporations must carry out appropriate risk management when purchasing bonds. The issuer make announcement that bonds are to be issued. Usually, the bond is associated with a face value that is redeemed when it is sold by the purchaser in open market. The bond is issued at a value less than the face value, the difference is the profit for the purchaser. The underwriter takes its commission also. Once the purchaser buys the bond, he/she can sell it in the open secondary market or can keep it till maturity when full face value of the bond will be returned by the issuer. If bond is traded before maturity, the selling price is lower than the face value to accommodate profits for the next purchaser. Though bond and stock markets operate separately, yet stock market does have an impact on bond market. The company whose shares are trading at premium in stock market has a better chance to get its bonds purchased by many purchasers. Also, they are in a position to sell bonds at a higher discount rate to minimize its own losses when the bond face value is to be returned at the time of maturity. A company that is not doing well on stock market also faces difficulty in selling its bonds in bond market. I think lower taxes on dividend and ca... A company that is not doing well on stock market also faces difficulty in selling its bonds in bond market. PART 2 Data: 500 shares at $30 per share = $15,000 Initial Margin requirements = 55% = (15000)(0.55) = $8,250 Hence, Loan amount = 15,000 - 8,250 = $6,750 Interest payment = 13% = (6750)(0.13) = $877.5 Dividends received = $1 per share = $500 (for 500 shares) 1. Sold stock for $40 per share: Total earnings from sale = (500)(40) = $20,000 Total earnings + dividends = 20,000 + 500 = $20,500 Total expenses = $878 Net earnings = $19,622 Hence, rate of return = (19,622 - 8,250) / 8,250 Rate of Return on investment = 137.84% 2. Sold stock for $20 per share: Total earnings from sale = (500)(20) = $10,000 Total earnings + dividends = 10,000 + 500 = $10,500 Total expenses = $878 Net earnings = $9,622 Hence, rate of return = (9,622 - 8,250) / 8,250 Rate of Return on investment = 16.66% 3. Cash Purchases: (i) Sold stock for $40 per share: Total earnings from sale = (500)(40) = $20,000 Total earnings + dividends = 20,000 + 500 = $20,500 Total expenses = $15,000 Net earnings = $5,500 Hence, rate of return = 5,500 / 15,000 Rate of Return on investment = 36.67% (ii) Sold stock for $20 per share: Total earnings from sale = (500)(20) = $10,000 Total earnings + dividends = 10,000 + 500 = $10,500 Total expenses = $15,000 Net earnings = ($4,500) Hence, rate of return = (4,500) / 15,000 Rate of Return on investment = -30% PART 3 I think lower taxes on dividend and capital gains can enhance economic development. This is because if taxes are low, the individuals are able to save

Hazard Identification in a Combined Cycle Power Plant

Hazard Identification in a Combined Cycle Power Plant Fire and Explosion Hazard Identification in a Combined Cycle Power Plant ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION Fire and Explosion are the most prevalent accidents at chemical and process industries which can cause serious damage to properties and loss of productions. Fire and explosion hazards are considered as the first and second major hazards in chemical industries [1]. Besides that, release of toxic materials are prevalent accidents in process industries too. Among these three, fire is the most common but explosion is more significant in terms of its damage potential, often leading to fatalities and damage to property [2]. Also, fire can cause human fatalities, serious injuries, financial losses due to damage of equipment and disruption of productive activity, loss of employment and sometimes irreparable damage to the environment and also other costs such as insurance premiums would increase. Hence, identification of danger factors and the ways of controlling fire and explosion accidents in such these industries are very important [3]. In this paper, the hazard of fire and explosion accid ents at processing sections of a combined cycle power plant using one of the well-known hazard index which is called Dow fire and explosion index, has been estimated. The under studying power plant is comprised process unites and facilities such as gas units, vapor units and hydrocarbon storage site. Natural gas and Gasoline are the main chemical materials that are used and stored in these facilities which consume in Turbine units as fuel to produce electrical energy. The Dow Fire and Explosion Index (hereafter called the DOW Index) is a common hazard index [4]. Hazard indices using the numerical values to classify the various sections of process industries in the terms of fire and explosion and identify process areas with a high risk and estimate the losses due to fire and explosion. However quantify risks in different sectors of the industry make it easy to interpret the results [5-7]. The Dow index has been used in many researches across the world. Among those are the studies of Gupta et al. (1997), Roy et al. (2003), Bernatik and Libisova (2004), and Suardin et al. (2007) [8-12]. These researches showed that this index has been used for different purposes such as rating and classifying the danger, determining the economic impacts, and designing safe processing industries too. Suardin et al. concluded that by applying the (FEI) index, it is possible to design safer and more economical reactor and distillation system [13]. This index has been also used in a number of studies in Iran, especially in the chemical industries. The research of Atrkar Roshan et al. (2013), Jafari et al. (2012) and also Ahmadi et al. (2008 2012) are some examples [13-16]. In this study, the fire and explosion hazards of some process units at a combined cycle power plant using Dow index has been estimated. MATERIALS AND METHODS Process Unit Selection The fire and explosion risk analysis system is a step-by-step objective evaluation of the realistic fire, explosion and reactivity potential of process equipment and its contents. The quantitative measurements used in the analysis are based on historic loss data, the energy potential of the material under study and the extent to which loss prevention practices are currently applied [5]. Dow index was developed by the Dow Chemical Company in the 1960s as a tool for plant engineers to give relative value to the risk of individual process unit losses due to fires and explosions and to communicate these risk to management in terms easily understood, i.e., potential of financial losses due to lost production and damage to plant facilities [17]. In fact, Dow index rates the potential occurrence of fire and explosion hazards in a process unit and estimates the costs in money due to fire and explosion accidents in chemical and/or process units. The latest version of Dow fire and explosion in dex guideline published in 1994 was applied to calculate the fire and explosion index at Turbine processes and Gasoline storage site. The general procedure of Dow index calculation is shown in Figure.1 Figure.1: Dow Index Procedure (Dow’s Guideline, 1994) Process Unit Hazards Factor The Dow FEI is calculated from equation (1): Equation (1): FEI = MF Ãâ€" F1 Ãâ€" F2 = MF Ãâ€" F3 Where MF (Material Factor) is a measure of the potential energy released from the fire or explosion produced by combustion or chemical reactions. It is determined by considering the flammability and reactivity of the materials that are exist at process unit and has a range of 1 ±40 [4, 5]. F1 (General process hazard factor) is a measure of reaction and process unit characteristics such as exothermic or endothermic reactions, handling or transfer of chemical materials, outdoor or indoor units, access condition in emergency situations, drainage and spill control at process unit. F2 (Special process hazard) is a measure of chemical material and operations specifications such as toxicity, amount of flammable materials in process or storage unit, use and distance to fired equipment, dust explosion, extreme pressure or sub-atmospheric pressure, equipment’s corrosion and erosion, leakage-joints and packing, rotating equipment and etc. Each item is represented in terms of â€Å"pen alties† and â€Å"credit factors† [14]. F3 (Process unit hazard factor) is derived from the multiplying the F1 and F2 values. According to the value of the calculated index, the fire and explosion hazard of a pertinent process unit is rated as light, moderate, intermediate, heavy or severe which are shown in Table.1 [5]. Table 1: Degree of Hazard for FEI (Dow’s Guideline, 1994) Degree of Hazard for FEI FEI Range Degree of Hazard 1-60 Light 61-96 Moderate 97-127 Intermediate 128-158 Heavy 159-up Severe After the calculation of Dow index, FEI will be able to determine the radius and area of exposure to fire and explosion incidents using equations (2) and (3): Equation (2): Radius of Exposure = 0.84 Ãâ€" Dow FEI Equation (3): Area of Exposure Where, R is the radius of exposure [5]. Loss Control Credit Factors The preventive and protective measures that have been incorporated in the process design to reduce the fire and explosion hazard are taken into account in the form of Loss Control Credit Factors (LCCF). There are three categories of loss control features including; C1 (process control) which is derived from the multiplying by factors such as emergency power, cooling, explosion control, emergency shutdown, computer control, inert gas, operation instructions and procedures, reactive chemical review and other process hazard analysis. C2 (material isolation) is comprised from remote control valves, dump / blowdown, drainage and interlock items and C3 (fire protection) which accounts for leak detection (alarm and shutdown), fireproofing for structural steel, fire water supply, special systems, sprinkler systems, water curtains, foam, portable fire extinguishers / fire monitors and cable fire protection (instrumentation and electrical cables) [5, 17, 18]. Loss control credit factor is calc ulated using equation (4): Equation (4): LCCF: C1Ãâ€"C2Ãâ€"C3 Loss Control features should be selected for the contribution they will actually make to reducing or controlling the unit hazards being evaluated [5]. As well as the Damage Factor is determined from the Process Unit Hazards Factor (F3) and the Material Factor (MF) and referring to Figure 2. Damage Factor represents the overall effect of fire and blast damage resulting from a release of fuel or reactive energy from a Process Unit [5]. MPPD and BI Calculations The replacement value of the equipment within the exposed area in combination with damage factor can be used to derive the Base maximum probable property damage (Base MPPD) [4]. The actual maximum probable property damage (Actual MPPD) is then calculated by multiplying the Base MPPD by loss credit control factor which is shown in equation (5). The Actual MPPD is used to predict the maximum number of days which is the time required to rebuild the plant to its original capacity, the Maximum probable days outage (MPDO). The MPDO is used to estimate the financial loss due to the lost production: the Business interruption (BI) [18]. BI is the lost profit to the company due to an incident and is calculated by the equation (6): Equation (5): Actual MPPD = Base MPPD Ãâ€" loss control credit factor Equation (6): BI ($US) = Ãâ€" VPM Ãâ€" 0.7 Where VPM is the value of production per month. Figure 2: Damage Factor Determination (Dow’s Guideline, 1994) RESULTS The results of Dow index calculations for under studying units are illustrated in Table 2. For all under studying units, radius of exposure, area of exposure, value of area of exposure, damage factor, Base maximum probable property damage (MPPD), loss control credit factor, Actual MPPD, Days outage and BI loss in terms of US dollar has been calculated which are shown in Table 2. Turbine Unit (Methane) Methane as fuel in Turbine unit with the material factor of 21 had a highest material factor among chemical materials that were presented in process units and subsequently based on the result of Dow index value of 321, it can be indicated that Turbine unit with Methane as fuel, had the highest degree of fire and explosion risk (as mentioned in Table 3 which is considered severe). For Turbine unit with Methane fuel, radius exposure and area of exposure were calculated which are 82.2 m and 21227 m2, respectively. Also for this unit, value of area of exposure was estimated 13.8 US million dollars and damage factor is gained 0.83. After that, Base MPPD by multiplying the value of area of exposure and damage factor is derived which is 11.45 US million dollars. Loss control credit factor is estimated 0.36 which by multiplying it into Base MPPD, Actual MMPD is derived 4.12 US million dollars. Maximum probable days outage for this unit is estimated 50 days and finally the loss due to unit pa uses (BI) is calculated 3.03 US million dollars. Turbine Unit (Gasoline) After that, when Turbine unit uses gasoline as fuel has the second risk ranking with Dow index value of 236 and Gasoline Storage Site Gasoline storage site with Dow index value of 56.8 was the least which is ranked as light fire and explosion risk. Table 2: Results of Dow Fire and Explosion Index Calculation Process Unit Turbine Unit Turbine Unit Storage Vessels Major Material Methane[1] Gasoline Gasoline Material Factor 21 16 16 FEI Index 321 236 56.8 Exposure Radius (m) 82.2 60.42 14.5 Area of Exposure (m2) 21227 11468 660 Value of Area of Exposure ($MM) 13.8 7.45 13.58 Damage Factor 0.83 0.68 0.42 Base MPPD ($MM) 11.45 5.07 5.70 Loss Control Credit Factors 0.36 0.36 0.65 Actual MPPD ($MM) 4.12 1.82 3.70 Days Outage (MPDO) 50 30 25 BI Loss ($MM) 3.03 1.82 8.26 Table 3: The Fire and Explosion Index Ranking at Under Studying Units Process Unit FEI Index Degree of Hazard for FEI Light Moderate Intermediate Heavy Severe Turbine Unit (Methane) 321 Turbine Unit (Gasoline) 236 Storage Vessels 56.8   Discussion According to the results of this study, Turbine unit with Methane fuel has the highest degree of fire and explosion risk. Therefore appropriate control and protective measures should be establish to reduce the fire and explosion risks in this unit. In the other hand, according to the gotten results, Turbine units have the sever ranking of fire and explosion risk and in spite of gasoline storage site is considered as lowest risk of fire and explosion, this unit constrains most losses in money due to business interruption. The reason of this matter is related to the great amount of gasoline fuel which is deposited in 4 vessels and it is about 17 million liters. Conclusion In the present study, the Dow FEI in process units of a combined cycle power plant were calculated. Based on the results, Turbine unit that uses Methane as fuel with Dow index value of 321 has the highest degree of fire and explosion risk. Another Turbine unit with gasoline fuel is ranked second with Dow index value of 236 and severe fire and explosion risk and finally, gasoline storage unit is recognized the least unit in consideration of fire and explosion risk. The findings of this study can be used to estimate the loss due to fire and explosion and also can be used as insurance premium. References 1.Ahmadi, S., J. Adl, and M. Ghalehnovi, Relative ranking of fire and explosion in a petrochemical industry by fire and explosion index. THE JOURNAL OF QAZVIN UNIVERSITY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES, 2011. 2.Khan, F.I. and S. Abbasi, Major accidents in process industries and an analysis of causes and consequences. Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries, 1999. 12: p. 361-378. 3.Mahoney, D.G., Large property damage losses in the hydrocarbon-chemical industries: A thirty-year review. 1997: M M Protection Consultants. 4.Khan, F., T. Husain, and S. Abbasi, Safety Weighted Hazard Index (SWeHI): A New, User-friendly Tool for Swift yet Comprehensive Hazard Identification and Safety Evaluation in Chemical Process Industrie. Process Safety and Environmental Protection, 2001. 79(2): p. 65-80. 5.Chemicals, D., Dow’s fire explosion index hazard classification guide. AIChE Technical Manual, 1994. 6.Etowa, C., et al., Quantification of inherent safety aspects of the Dow indices. Journal of Loss Prevention in the process Industries, 2002. 15(6): p. 477-487. 7.Khan, F.I., R. Sadiq, and P.R. Amyotte, Evaluation of available indices for inherently safer design options. Process Safety Progress, 2003. 22(2): p. 83-97. 8.Gupta, J.P., Application of DOWs fire and explosion index hazard classification guide to process plants in the developing countries. Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries, 1997. 10(1): p. 7-15. 9.Roy, P.K., A. Bhatt, and C. Rajagopal, Quantitative risk assessment for accidental release of titanium tetrachloride in a titanium sponge production plant. Journal of hazardous materials, 2003. 102(2): p. 167-186. 10.Bernatik, A. and M. Libisova, Loss prevention in heavy industry: risk assessment of large gasholders. Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries, 2004. 17(4): p. 271-278. 11.Suardin, J., M. Sam Mannan, and M. El-Halwagi, The integration of Dows fire and explosion index (FEI) into process design and optimization to achieve inherently safer design. Journal of loss prevention in the process industries, 2007. 20(1): p. 79-90. 12.Suardin, J., The Integration of Dow’s Fire and Explosion Index into Process Design and Optimization to Achieve an Inherently Safer Design. 2005, Texas AM University. 13.Roshan, S.A. and M.J. Gharedagh, Economic Consequence Analysis of Fire and Explosion in Petrochemical Feed and Product Pipelines Network. 2013. 14.Jafari, M.J., M. Zarei, and M. Movahhedi, The Credit of Fire and Explosion Index for Risk Assessment of Iso-Max Unit in an Oil Refinery. International Journal of Occupational Hygiene, 2012. 4(1): p. 10-16. 15.Ahmadi, S., et al., Determination of fire and explosion loss in a chemical industry by fire and explosion index. The Journal of Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, 2012. 15(4): p. 68-76. 16.Ahmadi, S., J. Adl, and S. Varmazyar, Risk Quantitative Determination of Fire and Explosion in a Process Unit By Dow’s Fire and Explosion Index. Iran Occupational Health Journal, 2008. 5(1): p. 39-46. 17.Jensen, N. and S.B. Jà ¸rgensen, Taking credit for loss control measures in the plant with the likely loss fire and explosion index (LL-FEI). Process Safety and Environmental Protection, 2007. 85(1): p. 51-58. 18.Sinnott, R., Coulson Richardsons chemical engineering. 1996: Butterworth-Heinemann. [1] Methane is the major component by more than 96 % Concentration of Natural Gas which is consumed as fuel at Turbine Unit in hot seasons of year, alternatively. Hence the MF of natural gas was determined from Methane which has the highest MF value.

Art Values Essay -- essays research papers

People from all eras have communicated what they value through art, architecture and style. This statement is obvious. The first example I will discuss is that of the ancient Egyptian society. Their society was one that was based upon death. Everything in their lives revolved around preparing themselves for the afterlife. Included in that is their paintings; they contained the entire figure of the human, making sure their was no limb left unseen, for fear that it would not be their in the after life. Another example of how the ancient Egyptian’s values were expressed through art was the lavish funerary complexes built for their pharaohs. They were monstrous, and intended entirely to help propel the deceased pharaoh into the next life. Ancient Greece was a society of self-perceived beauty. They loved to look at themselves, especially if they were male. They male gender was perceived as perfection in that time period, and as such it should be portrayed in all of its glory, hence the no clothing policy. They sculpted, painted and created in what they believed to be perfection. They created all buildings in perfect rectangles, since they believed that rectangles were the epitome of perfection, the â€Å"golden section† if you will. Greek art was a portrayal of their ideals, which is why most people call this period the idealistic stage in Art history. The Romans were very much like their Greek counter parts. Romans, as a whole, loved Greek art. They enjoyed looking at it and even t...

Case Study †AES Corporation Essay

Dennis Bakke, the CEO of AES, a company that develops, builds and operates electric power plants, sat in his office late in 1996 and thought about the question that was perennially posed to him: could AES, soon to have some 25,000 people located literally all over the world following a recent purchase of power plants in Kazakhstan, continue to operate with virtually no staff functions and, specifically, without any human resource staff anywhere in the corporation? The absence of centralized staff — or, for that matter, much staff at all — had been one of the themes guiding the design and operation of the corporation since its founding. The company, in addition to having no personnel department, had no public relations, legal, environmental, or strategic planning departments. Its chief financial officer, Barry Sharp, saw his job not so much as running a centralized finance function but rather as helping all the AES employees as they made important decisions about financi ng and investments in a very capital intensive business. But the company was becoming much larger and increasingly geographically dispersed. Perhaps those early decisions needed to be rethought. Could what worked for so long continue to work as the corporation grew and operated increasingly on a global basis? Could the advantages of flexibility and having virtually every employee feel responsible for almost all aspects of the corporation’s operations continue to outweigh the costs of an absence of specialization and the need to have people always learning new tasks and new things? Was this continuous learning of new things really a disadvantage at all, or as Bakke thought, how one created a real â€Å"learning organization?† What Bakke recognized was that AES was different from most other corporations. How different should and could it remain? And if it remained different, how should it deal with the strains that growth and geographic differentiation would inevitably place on an organization that had always been managed by a strong set of values and a shared culture? This case was  prepared by Professor Jeffrey Pfeffer as a basis for class discussion rather than to illustrate either effective or ineffective handling of an administrative situation. Support for this case was provided by the Human Resources Initiative of the Graduate School of Business. The author would also like to acknowledge Robert Waterman for his introduction to the company. BACKGROUND AND HISTORY AES (originally called Applied Energy Services) was founded in 1981 by Roger Sant and Dennis Bakke. Originally supplying consulting services to the energy industry, the company began operating its first power plant in Houston in 1986 and went public as AES in 1991. By the end of its 1995 fiscal year, AES was selling electricity to customers in the United States, England, Northern Ireland, Argentina, and China, and had plants under construction in Pakistan. A list of AES operating facilities, their size, and fuel source, is provided in Exhibit 1. The company saw itself as â€Å"the global power company† and had as its mission â€Å"supplying electricity to customers world-wide in a socially responsible way.†Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ The electric power generation business has always been very competitive and the competition was increasing. Many subsidiaries of large oil and gas companies, organizations with substantial financial resources, were entering the business. The business was also complex. Building or purchasing existing power plants was a process that was heavily influenced by governmental decisions and actions, and often took two to four years at least to complete. AES owned and operated its plants under a number of different financial arrangements. Some plants were whollyowned by AES. Others were owned under various joint venture arrangements. For instance, the Medway plant in England was joint venture between AES and two privatized British utilities, Southern Electric and SEE-BOARD. The plant in San Nicolas, Argentina was owned by a partnership in which AES held 70% interest and Community Energy Alternatives, Inc. and the people at the plant held the rest. AES’s operations in China were conducted by a separate subsidiary, AES  China Generating Company Ltd., that was capitalized in February, 1994 with funds from AES and an initial public offering. The company was traded on the over-the-counter market, but recently AES had announced plans to purchase the interest in the subsidiary it did not own. Thus, financing and ownership arrangements were varied and often required protracted negotiations and the ability to work with a number of different partners. Most of the growth in demand for electricity, as well as most of the privatization opportunities, were occurring in developing or emerging economies and three-quarters of AES’s development people and financial resources were focused on those markets in 1996. AES saw as its competitive advantage against larger and better financed competitors its agility or speed and its ability to commit corporate equity and to arrange complex financial transactions. It also had some â€Å"disadvantages,† particularly its emphasis on integrity that precluded the company from doing some things to obtain business that not all of its competitors were as reluctant to do. The company’s two founders both had extensive experience in government prior to founding AES, and to some extent this helped steel their determination to avoid creating a bureaucratic organization resembling the government. Bakke, a 1970 MBA graduate from Harvard Business School, had worked following graduation at the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare and then in the Office of Management and Budget before moving to the Mellon Institute’s Energy Productivity Center in Washington, D.C. There, he and Sant, another Harvard MBA who had headed the Ford administration’s energy conservation efforts, worked together and AES 1995 Annual Report, p. 1. wrote a book, Creating Abundance: America’s Least-Cost Energy Strategy. Out of the research for that book and their work on energy policy for the Ford and Carter administrations came the idea to start AES as a participant in the new independent power producer industry. Both Bakke and Sant are individuals with strong moral convictions and indeed both have a touch of the missionary in them. Bakke is very active in both charitable and  Christian church (Baptist) activities. This social conscience and sense of a higher purpose or calling has pervaded the operation and management of AES since its inception. For example, Bakke’s description of the purpose or mission of AES is â€Å"to steward resources to meet the needs of society.† 2 From the beginning, AES has had a strong set of core values and beliefs about people that it works hard to operationalize on a continuing basis. The four core values are: Integrity †¦ Integrity comes from the Latin word, `integra,’ which means `wholeness.’ By carefully weighing all factors–ethical concerns, stakeholder interests, and societal needs–AES strives to act with integrity in all of its activities. Fairness . . . the term `fairness’ means `justice.’ Often `fairness’ is confused with `sameness’ †¦ We don’t mean that. AES aspires to give everyone special treatment. Everyone is unique †¦ And the effects of treating people justly in corporate systems and organizations can be profound. Social responsibility. The most socially responsible thing a corporation can do is to do a superb job of meeting a need in society. Therefore, companies must carefully manage capital, employees and intellect to meet a societal need. For AES, the first step in this process is to ensure that every generating plant is operated in a clean, reliable, safe, and cost-effective manner. But we have chosen to go beyond these essentials †¦ That is why we plant millions of trees to offset carbon dioxide and build new schools and take numerous other steps to improve our environment and build communities. Fun †¦ For us, `fun’ means establishing an environment in which people can use their gifts and skills to make a difference in society without fear of being squelched. Creating a fun workplace environment requires a positive view of humanity that begins with the people who work in the corporation.3 AES also has a set. of core assumptions about people that it tries to use in design ing and managing its organization. These assumptions are that AES people: 1) Are creative, thinking individuals–capable of learning and making decisions, like to control their environment and can be trusted; 2) Are responsible–can be held accountable; An important element of AES is its commitment to four major â€Å"shared† values .. . AES believes that earning a fair profit is an important result of providing a quality product to its customers. However, if the Company perceives a conflict between these values and profits, the Company will try to adhere to its values–even though doing so might result in diminished profits or foregone opportunities. Moreover, the Company seeks to adhere to these values not as a means to achieve economic success, but because adherence is a worthwhile goal in and of itself The Company intends to continue these policies after this offering.s To AES, simply maximizing profits is not the primary objective of the corporation. Dennis Bakke has written: Where do profits fit? Profits . . . are not any corporation’s main goal. Profits are to a corporation much like breathing is to life. Breathing is not the goal of life, but without breath, life ends. Similarly, without turning a profit, a corporation, too, will cease to exist. . . . At AES we strive not to make profits the ultimate driver of the corporation (although I admit we slip from time to time in this regard). My desire is that the principles to which we strive would take preeminence.6 AES operationalizes its values and its commitment to them in myriad operating policies and practices. An example, drawn from a common stock offering prospectus in 1993, helps to illustrate how the company turns its values into actions: Most of the Company’s plants operate without shift supervisors. The project subsidiaries are responsible for all major facility-specific business functions, including financing and capital expenditures†¦. Every AES person has been encouraged to participate  in strategic planning and new plant design for the Company. The Company has generally organized itself into multi-skilled teams to develop projects, rather than forming `staff’ groups †¦ to carry out specialized functions. Two examples illustrate these principles of decentralization and empowerment in action. Most financial decisions at this financially-leveraged company are not made by the chief financial officer, Barry Sharp, but rather by AES project teams comprised largely of people with no formal training in finance. For instance, â€Å"hard as it is to imagine, CFO Sharp has raised less than $300 million of the approximately $3.5 billion of funding for AES’s 10 power plants. The multidisciplinary project team working on each new plant is charged with that task, even if the team has little finance experience. Bankers phone Sharp expecting him to call the shots, but he demurs and instead gives the bankers a list of the team members so the bankers can call them directly. At the AES plant in Thames, Connecticut, a task force including front-line people invest the plant’s debt reserves, negotiating directly with investment bankers and, in the process, learning a lot about finance and fi nancial markets. Pam Strunk, the financial superintendent at the plant, said that it was important that â€Å"they have the fun and novelty of doing something that’s different from what they do all day. If we lose 100 basis points for a few days, then that’s the price we pay.† 8 Another example comes from a description of how the corporation built a $404 million project in Cumberland, Maryland. The project took ten years to put together and was handled by a team of 10 people who â€Å"secured 36 separate permit approvals involving two dozen regulatory agencies and arranged financing that involved tax-exempt bonds and 10 lenders. Normally, such projects require hundreds of workers, each with small specific tasks to perform within large corporations.†9 What is particularly noteworthy is the composition of the team. With two exceptions, they were all under 40 years old and many had little or no previous experience doing what they did on the project. Paul Burdick, a mechanical engineer with no MBA or any formal training in finance, handled the complex financing of the project. Ann Murtlow, the team leader, was a thirty-five year old chemical engineer who also did not have an MBA degree. The composition and operation of the team illustrates a core AES concept of allowing people to try new things. Although eschewing the pursuit of profits or maximizing shareholder value as the primary objective of the company and, in fact, doing numerous things to operate according to the four core values, the company has nonetheless been very financially successful. As seen in Exhibit 2 using data drawn from its 1995 Annual Report, the firm enjoyed a 105% growth in revenues between 1991 and 1995 and during that period grew its earnings per share more than 113% while its total assets grew almost 70% and its shareholders’ equity grew 289%. The annual report also illustrates some other unique things about the company and how it views itself. The document lists by name each of the 1,258 people who work for the company on pages 49-53. The discussion of operations in the letter to the shareholders has, as its first section, one on Shared Values/Principles. That section reported on the results of the annual employee survey and discussed both improvements (â€Å"there is less concern this year about an imbalance between shareholder and other stakeholder interests. There is also less fear that our principles will erode as we create businesses in many nations†) as well as problems (â€Å"Some of our people at Thames . In eight years, the value of a share of AES stock went from $2 to $250, and $10,000 invested in AES in 1982 would now be worth $10 million. In late 1996, the company’s shares were near an alltime high and were selling at a multiple of about 30 times earnings, indicating that Wall Street appreciated — even if it did not always fully understand — at least the financial aspects of the AES story. THE THAMES, CONNECTICUT PLANT Although no plant at AES is exactly like any other, in part because of the value placed on decentralization, the operation in Connecticut is typical of AES. The Thames plant is located in Uncasville, Connecticut, near New London, and about 45 minutes from Providence, Rhode Island. The plant is located on only seven acres and is in close proximity to neighboring houses. The plant cost $260 million to construct and uses coal for fuel. It began commercial operations in March, 1990, supplying 181 megawatts of electricity to Connecticut Light and Power and up to 100,000 pounds of steam per hour to Stone Container’s paper recycling plant that is adjacent to AESThames. The plant has operated on average at over 95 percent of capacity since it opened, compared to 83 percent for the industry as a whole. Consistent with the AES value of social responsibility, the plant strives to be a â€Å"good neighbor† to those living nearby. A visitor to the plant is immediately struck by its cleanliness, and the people who work in the plant are proud of its appearance. The walls of the plant exterior are very light colored (off-white), so that any dirt would be immediately visible. The color of the walls was intentionally chosen to encourage respect for the physical environment and cleanliness. The place where the coal is unloaded from the barges that bring it up the Connecticut River is also immaculate. The coal handling system is covered to  avoid excess dust or debris getting into the surroundings and the unloading dock and surrounding area is swept by a mechanical sweeper after the once a week delivery. There is no smell of sulfur in the air, and in fact, no odor at all. The attitude of cleanliness extends inside the plant as well. For instance, there are two â€Å"lunch rooms,† although both have stoves, and one has a microwave oven, cooktops, refrigerator, and   dishwasher as well, which makes them more than a typical plant eating area. Quite elaborate meals are cooked there. Both lunch rooms are clean with no dirty dishes sitting around. The cabinetry is of excellent quality and appearance as are the appliances. The turbine rooms are also imma culate. In keeping with AES’s social responsibility and concern for the environment, the AES Thames plant has funded a project to plant 52 million trees in Guatemala, designed to reduce the greenhouse effect produced by the burning of coal to produce power. The number of trees was selected based on estimates of the number required to absorb the entire amount of carbon dioxide produced in the plant during its anticipated 40-year life span. In the fall of 1996, Thames employed a total of 59 people, including five in adininistration, seven area superintendents, nine in maintenance, five in material handling and processing, eight instrument and electrical repair technicians, and 20 operations technicians. The full staffing level for the plant is 63 positions, and hiring was occurring at the time. A number of the plant’s employees had previously worked either for the Navy or General Dynamics at the nearby Groton, Connecticut shipyard. About 20% of the people in the plant have college degrees, including Associate’s degrees. Recall, these are the people that are handling the investment of the plant’s debt reserves of several millions of dollars and essentially making all of the decisions in a collaborative environment. There is very little emphasis on  formal credentials in the hiring process. And this is true throughout AES. The company has about twenty to thirty MBAs, many of whom have been in the company a while. Most have come from their home (non-U.S.) countries. At AES, no one gets hired into the company at a senior level, and the company tends not to use headhunters for jobs at any level. The company also has tried not to hire directly into project director (new development) positions. AES-Thames has an extremely low turnover rate, as does AES generally. One of the reasons for the low turnover is that AES is a different and special place and people know it and value that fact. To be written about in the Wall Street Journal and other publications, to receive many visits, reinforces the pride and feeling of uniqueness that AES people share. People do often move within the company. Out of perhaps 70 people who were in the Thames plant when it began, only 4-5 people have left the company in seven or eight years. The low turnover is also because, as one person put it, â€Å"we all have the ability to expand what we do.† The plant organization has three levels — the plant manager, the seven area superintendents, and the front-line people. Because the facility operates continuously, there is some shift work. After some experimentation, people now work three twelve-hour shifts and then have three days off. They then rotate between the night and day shifts. The first shift is from 6:30 in the morning until 6:30 at night, and the second shift is from 6:30 P.M. to 6:30 A.M. Maintenance has a standard 40 hour week but the individuals have pagers, and they rotate responsibility for off-hours coverage.

Reasons For Applying The Fourth Amendment - 2050 Words

Criminal Procedure Mid Term 1. Identify and describe the three possible alternatives for applying the Fourth Amendment to â€Å"stop and frisk† situations. Also, identify which alternative the U.S. Supreme Court adopted and explain why. The three alternatives or interpretations that can be used for applying the fourth amendment of â€Å"stop and frisk† are: 1. The fourth amendment applies only to full searches and arrests; so short of full arrest and searches, officers’ discretion controls their contacts with individuals in public places. 2. Even brief street detentions are arrests, and pat downs are searches, so the police can’t do anything unless they’ve got probable cause. 3. Stops and frisks are searches and seizures, so officers have to back them up with suspicious facts and circumstances. But, they’re â€Å"minor† ones, so they require fewer facts and circumstances than arrests and searches to back them up. (Samaha, 2015) They Supreme Court found that alternative 1 and 2 were unacceptable. Alternative 1 did not apply at all to street encounters and that people on the street are then subject to what and who ever any officer felt like. Alternative 2 was not in the best interest of the officer and if the officer could not take any action until they had probable cause their crime control would suffer and they may never see the suspects again. The U.S. Supreme Court adopted alternative 3. The court believed that the fourth amendment gave police enough power to â€Å"freeze† suspiciousShow MoreRelatedThe Exclusionary Rule 823 Words   |  4 Pagesthe caw of Wolf v. Colorado, 38 U.S. 25, 27-28, did the U.S. Supreme Court take the first step toward applying the exclusionary rule to the states by ruling that the Fourth Amendment was applicable to the states through the Due Process Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment which states: the security of one’s privacy against arbitrary intrusion by the police-which is at the core of the Fourth Amendment- is basic to a free society. It is therefore implicit in the â€Å"concept of ordered liberty† and as suchRead MoreWelfare Drug Testing Should Not Be Allowed1416 Words   |  6 Pageswelfare, and it is expensive and ineffective . For all these reasons mandatory welfare drug testing should be stopped. Welfare drug testing is a complete and utter violation of the rights of people on welfare. The drug test is a violation of the fourth amendment. The fourth amendment protects people against unreasonable searches and seizures by the government. One way that welfare drug testing breaks this amendment is because the amendment states that the government or any subsection of the governmentRead MoreDrug Testing Welfare Recipients Should Not Be Drug Tested911 Words   |  4 Pagesonline. This is not only negative, but its harmful because the first offensive for testing positive is to go to rehab or lose your benefits for a year. The second reason I believe that drug testing welfare recipients is ineffective is that it is discriminating, unconstitutional and it challenges everything against the Fourth Amendment which states the right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated,Read MoreThe Welfare Recipients Should Not Be Drug Tested907 Words   |  4 Pagesonline. This is not only negative, but its harmful because the first offensive for testing positive is to go to rehab or lose your benefits for a year. The second reason I believe that drug testing welfare recipients is ineffective is that it is discriminating, unconstitutional and it challenges everything against the Fourth Amendment which states the right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated,Read MoreThe Drug Of Drug Testing Welfare Recipients912 Words   |  4 Pagesonline. This is not only negative, but its harmful because the first offensive for testing positive is to go to rehab or lose your benefits for a year. The second reason I believe that drug testing welfare recipients is ineffective is that it is discriminating, unconstitutional and it challenges everything against the Fourth Amendment, which states the right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violatedRead MoreName Of The Case: Katz V. The United States. 389 Us 3471203 Wo rds   |  5 Pagesarguing that the recordings violated his fourth amendment right to which the Court of Appeals rejected this point, noting the absence of a physical intrusion into the phone booth itself. The Court granted certiorari. Issue: Does the Fourth Amendment protection against unreasonable searches and seizures require the police to obtain a search warrant in order to wiretap a public pay phone? Holding: Although the Court ruled that Katz was entitled to Fourth Amendment protection for his conversations andRead MoreWelfare Reform For Drug Test Recipients Essay1719 Words   |  7 Pagesrefuse to take drug test prior to receiving their welfare checks. Since 1996 there has been a call for welfare reform to drug test recipients prior to admission, but any attempts have been unsuccessful because they are viewed as a violation of the fourth amendment, more harmful for children, and an unnecessary expense. These common fallacies have been the main arguments leading the anti-drug testing campaign, but in the past few years many taxpayers have grown increasingly tired of their money being givenRead MoreThe Fourth Amendment1515 Words   |  7 PagesThe Fourth Amendment is part of the Bill of Rights which was established in the seventeenth and eighteenth century English common law. Aside from the rest of the amendments in the Bill of Rights the Fourth Amendment can be traced back to a strong public reaction from some cases back in the 1760s. Two of these cases happened in England and one case happened in the colonies. These cases involved some pamphleteers who would pass out pamphlets to the public in order to spread their word around. TheseRead MoreThe Rights Of The United States V. Miller1244 Words   |  5 Pagesreveal a portrait of private life. However, current law gives little privacy protection to information about these activities, overstepping the First and Fourth Amendment safeguards that are guaranteed to individual freedoms. There are two cases to be discussed, Smith v. Maryland and United States v. Miller, two of the most important Fourth Amendment decisions of the 20th century. â€Å"In these two cases, the Court held that people are not entitled to an expectation of privacy in information they voluntarilyRead More Drug Testing Is Illegal Essay example943 Words   |  4 Pages Making a person take a drug test violates their Fourth and Fifth Amendment rights under the constitution of the United States of America. Recently, there has been an increase in companies and schools using drug test. Some companies force their employees to submit to a drug test before being hired and randomly while employed. High school sport regulations require that all student athletes give consent to being randomly drug tested. Other schools are going as far as making all students give consent